Включить длинные имена файлов windows 2016

Windows Server 2016 was finally released last week, meaning we can finally lift the idiotic 260 characters limitation for NTFS paths. In this post I’ll show you how to configure the «Enable Win32 long paths» setting for the NTFS file system, by a Group Policy Object (a GPO), and «LongPathsEnabled» in the Windows registry. This is still required for Windows Server 2022 and Windows Server 2019.

Maximum Path Length Limitation (MAX_PATH) in Windows Server

Microsoft writes about the Maximum Path Length Limitation on MSDN, and they write:

Maximum Path Length Limitation

In the Windows API (with some exceptions discussed in the following paragraphs), the maximum length for a path is MAX_PATH, which is defined as 260 characters. A local path is structured in the following order: drive letter, colon, backslash, name components separated by backslashes, and a terminating null character. For example, the maximum path on drive D is «D:\some 256-character path string<NUL>» where «<NUL>» represents the invisible terminating null character for the current system codepage. (The characters < > are used here for visual clarity and cannot be part of a valid path string.)

Microsoft Developer Network: Naming Files, Paths, and Namespaces

In the past, this 260 characters limitation caused errors and discomfort. Especially in the web hosting branche where you sometimes have to be able to save long file names. This resulted in (too) long paths and thus errors.

For example, have a look at this WordPress #36776 Theme update error Trac ticket. Which was a duplicate of #33053 download_url() includes query string in temporary filenames.

Fortunately, this limitation can now be unset and removed. Per default the limitation still exists though, so we need to set up a Local Group Policy. Or a Group Policy (GPO) in my case, since my server is in an Active Directory domain network.

In this post you’ll learn how to set up a GPO to enable NTFS long paths in Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2022/2019 using the LongPathsEnabled registry value.

Enabling «Long Paths» doesn’t magically remove the 260 character limit, it enables longer paths in certain situations. Adam Fowler has a bit more information about this is. Or are you wondering how to increase the configured maxUrlLength value in Windows Server & IIS? This’ll fix an IIS error «The length of the URL for this request exceeds the configured maxUrlLength value«.

But first things first.

You need to be able to set up this GPO using administrative templates (.admx) for Windows Server 2016. Because, in my situation, my Active Directory server is Windows Server 2012 R2 and doesn’t provide GPO settings for 2016.

Download Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016

If you are, as me, on Windows Server 2012 R2 (at the time of this writing), you need administrative templates (.admx files) for Windows Server 2016 to configure 2016 specific Group Policy Objects. The same goes for Windows Server 2022 and 2019.

These few steps help you setting them up in your environment.

Download and install administrative templates for Windows Server 2016 in your Windows Server 2012 R2 Active Directory

Folow these steps:

1. Download Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 specific administrative templates — or .admx files.
2. Install the downloaded .msi file Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 ADMX.msi on a supported system: Windows 10 , Windows 7, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2. You also need user rights to run the Group Policy Management Editor (gpme.msc), or the Group Policy Object Editor (gpedit.msc). But that’s for later use.
3. The administrative templates are installed in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Group Policy\Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016, or whatever directory you provided during the installation. Copy over the entire folder PolicyDefinitions to your Primary Domain Controller’s SYSVOL\domain\Policies directory.
4. Verify you’ve copied the folder, and not just the files. The full path is: SYSVOL\domain\Policies\PolicyDefinitions. This is explained in Microsoft’s Technet article Managing Group Policy ADMX Files Step-by-Step Guide.

That’s it, you now have Group Policy Objects available for Windows Server 2016. Let’s enable Win32 long paths support now.

Configure «Enable Win32 long paths» Group Policy

Learn how to set up WMI filters for Group Policy.

Now that you have your Windows Server 2016 Group Policy Objects available, it’s time to setup a GPO to enable NTFS long path support. Create the GPO in your preferred location, but be sure to target it on Windows Server 2016 only.

Please note that the GPO is called Enable Win32 long paths, not NTFS.

Enabling Win32 long paths will allow manifested win32 applications and Windows Store applications to access paths beyond the normal 260 character limit per node on file systems that support it. Enabling this setting will cause the long paths to be accessible within the process.

Start your Group Policy Management console and click through to the location where you want to add the GPO. Create a new GPO: Create a GPO in this domain, and Link it here..., and provide your GPO with a relevant name.

In the Settings tab, right click and choose Edit…. Now under Computer Configuration in the Group Policy Management Editor, click through to Policies > Administrative Templates > System > Filesystem. Configure and enable the Setting Enable Win32 long paths.

!’This screen configures the GPO «Enable Win32 long paths»‘

Картинка с сайта: www.saotn.org

This is all you have to do to create the Group Policy for long Win32 paths. All that is left is to run gpupdate in an elevated cmd.exe command prompt.

Verify LongPathsEnabled registry value

If needed, you can use the following cmd.exe or PowerShell commands to verify the LongPathsEnabled registry value is set correctly:

C:\>reg query HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem /v LongPathsEnabled

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem
    LongPathsEnabled    REG_DWORD    0x1

PS C:\> (Get-ItemProperty "HKLM:System\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem").LongPathsEnabled
1

Don’t forget about your Windows Server 2022 and Windows Server 2019 servers, they still require this LongPathsEnabled registy value.

Use PowerShell to configure «Enable Win32 long paths»

If your servers are not in an Active Directory network and you want to enable the «Win32 long paths» (or LongPathsEnabled registry value) you can use PowerShell for the job. Here is a small PowerShell script that adds the registry value if the script is run on an supported Windows Server version.

#
# Add LongPathsEnabled registry value using PowerShell
#
function Test-RegistryValue {
  param (
    [parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [string]$Path,
    [parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [string]$Value,
    [switch]$ShowValue
  )

  try {
    $Values = Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path | select-object -ExpandProperty $Value -ErrorAction Stop
    if ($ShowValue) {
      $Values
    }
    else {
      $true
    }
  }

  catch {
    $false
  }
}

# Windows Server 2016 build is 10.0.14393
[version]"10.0.14393"
[version] $winver = $(Get-CimInstance -Namespace root\cimv2 -Query "SELECT Version FROM Win32_OperatingSystem").Version

if($winver -ge [version]"10.0.14393") {
  if ($(Test-RegistryValue "HKLM:System\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem" LongPathsEnabled) -eq $false) {
    New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:System\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem" -Name LongPathsEnabled -PropertyType DWORD -Value 1 -Force
  }
}

This script contains a function that tries to look up if the requested registry path / value already exists. If it returns false, New-ItemProperty is executed to add LongPathsEnabled with value 1 to the Windows. A reboot afterwards is required.

Enable Win32 long paths in Windows 11 and Windows 10 (Bonus!)

If your client computer running Windows 11 or Windows 10 is not in an Active Directory and/or does not have the above mentioned GPO active, you can enable it yourself in a local security policy (LSP). You do need administrator privileges to follow the next steps:

1. As an administrator, start gpedit.msc for example in an elevated PowerShell terminal venster or through Start (Select the as administrator option). Press enter and Group Policy Editor opens.
2. Go to Local Computer Policy -> Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> System -> Filesystem, then enable the Enable Win32 long paths option.
3. Restart your computer.

Картинка с сайта: www.saotn.org

Картинка с сайта: www.saotn.org

Картинка с сайта: www.saotn.org

Картинка с сайта: www.saotn.org

Of course you can add the registry value manually as well. Want to silently import .reg file in your Windows registry?

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Большинство администраторов и пользователей Windows при работе с файлами, так или иначе сталкивались с ошибкой “path too long”. Эта ошибка возникает при превышении полного пути к файлу (вместе с его именем) значения 260 символов. Многие приложения, в том числе проводник Windows, неправильно работают с такими длинными именами файлов, оказываясь их открывать, перемещать и удалять. Это ограничение не файловой системы NTFS, а библиотеки Win32 API (подробнее о проблеме и обходных способах ее решения рассказано здесь).

В Windows 10 появилась возможность отключить ограничение на максимальную длину пути.

Отключить ограничение MAX_PATH можно двумя способами: с помощью редактора групповых политик или через реестр. Рассмотрим оба:

1. Запустите консоль редактора локальной групповой политики, нажав Win+R и выполнив команду gpedit.msc
2. Перейдите в раздел редактора Local Computer Policy -> Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> System -> Filesystem -> NTFS (Конфигурация компьютера -> Административные шаблоны -> Система -> Файловая система -> NTFS)
   

   Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

3. Откройте политику Enable NTFS long paths
   

   Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

4. Включите политику, переведя ее в состояние Enabled
5. Сохраните изменения

При использовании домашней версии Windows 10, в которой отсутствует редактор GPO, это же изменение можно внедрить с помощью редактора реестра.

1. 1. Запустите редактор реестра regedit.exe
   2. Перейдите в ветку HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem
   3. Создайте в данной ветке новый параметр типа Dword (32-bit) Value с именем LongPathsEnabled
      

      Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

   4. Чтобы отключить ограничение MAX_PATH, измените значение ключа на 1

Также вы можете включить эту функцию одной командой PowerShell:
Set-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem -Name LongPathsEnabled -Value 1

Для вступления изменений в силу в обоих случаях требуется перезагрузка компьютера. После перезагрузки пользователи и программы смогут без ограничений работать с файлами, длина пути к которым превышает 260 символов. Теперь на файлы будет действовать только ограничение файловой системы NTFS – 32767 символов .

Этот функционал доступен всем пользователям Windows 10, начиная с Anniversary Update (1607), и в Windows Server 2016.