Индекс производительности windows server 2008

Опытные пользователи Windows помнят, что индекс оценки производительности (Windows Experience Index — WEI) впервые появился еще в Windows Vista. Индекс производительности рассчитывается на основании оценки производительности следующих подсистем компьютера: процессора, памяти, 2D графики, 3D графики и устройства хранения (жесткого диска). Для каждой из подсистем на основе результатов оценочного тестирования рассчитывается собственное значение индекса производительности, а общий индекс для всего компьютера (Base Score) равен минимальному значению среди всех подсистем.

Индекс производительности представляет собой некое число-оценку производительности системы для пользователя — Windows Experience Index (WEI). В различных версиях ОС WEI может находиться в различных диапазонах:

  • Windows Vista: от 1 до 5.9
  • Windows 7: от 1 до 7.9
  • Windows 8: от 1 до 9.9

Индекс производительности Windows

Оценка производительности и быстродействия компьютера осуществляется специальной утилитой – WinSAT (Windows System Assessment Tool). Данная утилита уже включена в состав ОС Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8.

WinSAT — средство для оценки производительности Windows, представляющая собой набор тестов, проверяющий различные компоненты Windows. Важно отметить, что WinSAT не является тестом application-based или синтетическим тестом. Это тест того, как Windows себя «чувствует» на конкретном железе. WinSAT содержит пять различных групп тестов, названных компанией Microsoft «оценками»:

  • Оценка Direct3D. Тест на производительность GPU, генерирующий несколько кадров в секунду и показывает, насколько быстро будут работать игры на компьютере
  • Оценка видео-кодирования. Тест для оценки качества воспроизведения видео высокого разрешения (кодек Windows Media HD, или другие установленные кодеки)
  • Оценка графики. Оценка вашего графического акселератора, влияет на то будет ли включен Aero по умолчанию или нет ( как с помощью winsat можно включить Aero)
  • Оценка устройств хранения данных
  • Оценка процессора.

Отметим, что не стоит свято верить в значение индекса WEI, т.к. в случае необходимости индекс производительности Windows можно достаточно просто модифицировать. Подробности в статье Ломаем индекс производительности Windows.

Параметры команды WinSAT

Как же воспользоваться утилитой WinSAT для оценки производительности отдельной подсистемы или компьютера целиком?

Полная оценка производительности (все тесты) выполняется командной

winsat formal

Оценить производительность дисковой подсистемы (скорость записи/чтения на диск, длина очереди к диску и т.д.) можно командой:

winsat disk

Оценка производительности жесткого диска с winsat

Производительность последовательных операций чтения для диска C:

winsat disk -seq -read -drive c

Производительность при произвольной записи для диска C:

winsat disk -ran -write -drive c

Производительность CPU оценивается путем выполнения операций шифрования/расшифроваки, или копрессии/декомпрессии.

Общую оценку производительности процессора можно выполнить командой:

winsat cpuformal

Подробный обзор информации о полученных результатах оценки производительности можно получить с помощью команды:

winsat query

winsat query

Оценить пропускную способность оперативной памяти можно с помощью теста, осуществляющего копирование большого буфера памяти из одного сектора памяти в другой.

winsat mem

Запустим оценку производительности системы, используемую при составлении индекса WEI. Все оценки и результаты тестирования перенаправим в файл C:\winsat.txt. Данный отчет, в отличии от значения WEI, достаточно подробный и позволяет узнать много интересного о производительности подсистем компьютера.

winsat formal -v >> C:\winsat.txt

Пример отчета WinSAT представлен ниже.

> Command Line ‘winsat formal -v’

> Running the Formal Assessment

> DWM running… turnning DWM off

> System processor power policy saved and set to ‘max performance’

> Running: Feature Enumeration »

> Gathering System Information

> Operating System : 6.1 Build-7600

> Processor : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 CPU 6400 @ 2.13GHz

> TSC Frequency : 2128300000

> Number of Processors : 1

> Number of Cores : 2

> Number of CPUs : 2

> Number of Cores per Processor : 2

> Number of CPUs Per Core : 1

> Cores have logical CPUs : NO

> L1 Cache and line Size : 32768 64

> L2 Cache and line Size : 2097152 64

> Total physical mem available to the OS : 2,98 GB (3я203я723я264 bytes)

> Adapter Description : ATI Radeon HD 5450

> Adapter Manufacturer : ATI Technologies Inc.

> Adapter Driver Version : 8.861.0.0

> Adapter Driver Date (yy/mm/dd) : 2011\5\24

> Has DX9 or better : Yes

> Has Pixel shader 2.0 or better : Yes

> Has LDDM Driver : Yes

> Dedicated (local) video memory : 504.426MB

> System memory dedicated as video memory : 0MB

> System memory shared as video memory : 1271.65MB

> Primary Monitor Size : 1280 X 1024 (1310720 total pixels)

> WinSAT is Official : Yes

> CPU LZW Compression 112.19 MB/s

> CPU AES256 Encryption 63.26 MB/s

> CPU Vista Compression 319.98 MB/s

> CPU SHA1 Hash 522.96 MB/s

> Uniproc CPU LZW Compression 56.15 MB/s

> Uniproc CPU AES256 Encryption 31.31 MB/s

> Uniproc CPU Vista Compression 159.77 MB/s

> Uniproc CPU SHA1 Hash 261.81 MB/s

> Memory Performance 4729.00 MB/s

> Direct3D Batch Performance 88.25 F/s

> Direct3D Alpha Blend Performance 93.79 F/s

> Direct3D ALU Performance 39.27 F/s

> Direct3D Texture Load Performance 42.21 F/s

> Direct3D Batch Performance 89.30 F/s

> Direct3D Alpha Blend Performance 106.10 F/s

> Direct3D ALU Performance 37.84 F/s

> Direct3D Texture Load Performance 39.83 F/s

> Direct3D Geometry Performance 73.83 F/s

> Direct3D Geometry Performance 146.91 F/s

> Direct3D Constant Buffer Performance 57.54 F/s

> Video Memory Throughput 2398.55 MB/s

> Dshow Video Encode Time 6.94628 s

> Media Foundation Decode Time 1.21153 s

> Disk Sequential 64.0 Read 63.00 MB/s 5.8

> Disk Random 16.0 Read 1.21 MB/s 3.4

Выше представлен далеко не весь арсенал возможностей утилиты WinSAT по оценки производительности системы. С полным списком параметров и возможностей команды можно познакомиться, воспользовавшись встроенной справкой:

winsat.exe /?

Логи утилиты WinSAT находятся в каталоге C:\Windows\Performance\WinSAT, детальные результаты оценки производительности компьютера в виде .xml файлов. содержатся в каталоге C:\Windows\Performance\WinSAT\DataStore

Журналы и счетчики winsat

В Windows 7 существует стандартное задание планировщика, которое запускает утилиту WinSAT каждую неделю. Задача этого задания – своевременное обновление индекса при любых изменениях конфигурации. В момент запуска данного задания может наблюдаться снижение производительности компьютера. В том случае, если индекс WEI для вас не важен, данное задание можно отключить.

WEI - задание планировщика

WinSAT в Windows Server 2008

В состав серверных Windows Server 2008 и Windows Server 2008 R2 WinSAT не входит, однако ничего не мешает просто скопировать их с клиентской ОС на серверную.

Чтобы иметь возможность запустить WinSAT в Windows Server 2008/200 R2 достаточно скопировать два файла — WinSAT.exe и WinSATAPI.dll из каталога %windir%\System32 клиентской ОС в аналогичный каталог сервера.

Запуск winsat на windows server 2008

Однако учтите, для x86 и x64 битных систем используются различные версии WinSAT, поэтому если серверная ОС 64-разрядная (а Windows 2008 R2 бывают только такой), понадобится версия WinSAT, например из 64 разрядной Windows 7.

Отметим, что утилита также будет работать и в Windows XP, хотя из-за разницы методиках тестирования и архитектуры системы, результаты такого тестирования нельзя будет сравнивать с результатами более новых ОС.

Пользователи, обновившиеся до новой ОС, особенно если обновление происходило с семерки, интересуются: а где посмотреть индекс производительности Windows 10 (тот, который в цифрах показывает оценку до 9.9 для разных подсистем компьютера). В свойствах системы эта информация теперь отсутствует.

Тем не менее, функции подсчета индекса производительности никуда не делись, и возможность просмотреть эту информацию в Windows 10 остается, причем как вручную, без использования любых сторонних программ, так и с помощью нескольких бесплатных утилит, одна из которых (самая чистая от любого стороннего ПО) также будет продемонстрирована ниже.

Просмотр индекса производительности с помощью командной строки

Первый способ узнать индекс производительности Windows 10 заключается в принудительном запуске процесса оценки системы и в дальнейшем просмотре отчета о выполненной проверки. Осуществляется это в несколько простых шагов.

Запустите командную строку от имени администратора (проще всего это сделать через правый клик по кнопке «Пуск», либо, если в контекстном меню нет командной строки, начните вводить «Командная строка» в поиске на панели задач, затем нажмите по результату правой кнопкой мыши и выберите пункт Запустить от имени администратора).

После чего введите команду

winsat formal -restart clean

и нажмите Enter.

Запуск оценки производительности системы

Команда запустит оценку производительности, которая может продлиться несколько минут. По завершении проверки, закройте командную строку (оценку производительности можно запустить и в PowerShell).

Следующий шаг — просмотреть полученные результаты. Для этого можно поступить одним из следующих способов.

Первый метод (не самый простой): зайдите в папку C:\ Windows\ Performance\ WinSAT\ DataStore и откройте файл с именем Formal.Assessment (Recent).WinSAT.xml (в начале имени будет также указана дата). По умолчанию, файл откроется в одном из браузеров. Если этого не произойдет, можно открыть и обычным блокнотом.

После открытия, найдите в файле раздел, начинающийся с имени WinSPR (проще всего воспользоваться поиском, нажав Ctrl + F). Все, находящееся в этом разделе и есть информация об индексе производительности системы.

Просмотр оценки производительности

  • SystemScore — индекс производительности Windows 10, вычисленный по минимальному значению.
  • MemoryScore — оперативная память.
  • CpuScore — процессор.
  • GraphicsScore — производительности графики (имеется в виду работа интерфейса, воспроизведение видео).
  • GamingScore — производительности в играх.
  • DiskScore — производительность жесткого диска или SSD.

Второй способ — просто запустить Windows PowerShell (можно начать вводить PowerShell в поиске на панели задач, потом открыть найденный результат) и ввести команду Get-CimInstance Win32_WinSAT (после чего нажать Enter). В результате вы получите всю основную информацию по производительности в окне PowerShell, а итоговый индекс производительности, вычисляемый по наименьшему значению, будет указан в поле WinSPRLevel.

Просмотр индекса производительности в PowerShell

И еще один способ, которые не дает полной информации о производительности отдельных компонентов системы, но показывает общую оценку производительности системы Windows 10:

  1. Нажмите клавиши Win+R на клавиатуре и введите shell:games в окно «Выполнить» (после чего нажмите Enter). 
    Открытие Shell Games в Windows 10

  2. Откроется окно Игры, в котором будет указан индекс производительности. 
    Индекс производительности Windows 10 в играх

Как видите, просмотреть данную информацию очень легко, не прибегая к каким-либо сторонним инструментам. И, в общем-то, может быть полезно для быстрого анализа производительности компьютера или ноутбука в случаях, когда на него ничего нельзя устанавливать (например, при покупке).

Winaero WEI tool

Бесплатная программа для просмотра индекса производительности Winaero WEI Tool совместима с Windows 10, не требует установки и не содержит в себе (во всяком случае на момент написания этой статьи) никакого дополнительного ПО. Скачать программу можно с официального сайта http://winaero.com/download.php?view.79

Индекс производительности в WEI Tool

После запуска программы, вы увидите привычное вам представление индекса производительности Windows 10, информация для которого берется из файла, о котором шла речь в предыдущем способе. При необходимости, нажав в программе «Re-run the assessment», вы можете перезапустить оценку производительности системы для обновления данных в программе.

Как узнать индекс производительности Windows 10 — видео инструкция

В завершение — видео с двумя описанными способами получить оценку производительности системы в Windows 10 и необходимыми пояснениями.

И еще одна деталь: индекс производительности, высчитываемый Windows 10 — достаточно условная вещь. А если говорить о ноутбуках с медленными HDD, то почти всегда он будет ограничен именно скоростью жесткого диска, в то время как все комплектующие могут быть топовыми, а производительность в играх — завидной (в этом случае имеет смысл подумать об SSD, либо просто не обращать внимания на оценку).

Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Windows families include Windows NT and Windows Embedded; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g. Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone.

Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for their text-based operating system, MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).[1] Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world’s personal computer (PC) market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. Apple came to see Windows as an unfair encroachment on their innovation in GUI development as implemented on products such as the Lisa and Macintosh (eventually settled in court in Microsoft’s favor in 1993). On PCs, Windows is still the most popular operating system. However, in 2014, Microsoft admitted losing the majority of the overall operating system market to Android,[2] because of the massive growth in sales of Android smartphones. In 2014, the number of Windows devices sold was less than 25% that of Android devices sold. This comparison however may not be fully relevant, as the two operating systems traditionally target different platforms. Still, numbers for server use of Windows (that are comparable to competitors) show one third market share, similar to for end-user use.

As of October 2021, the most recent version of Windows for PCs and tablets is Windows 11. The most recent versions for server computers is Windows Server 2022. The last version available for smartphones and embedded devices was Windows 10. A specialized version of Windows runs on the Xbox One and Xbox Series X/Xbox Series S video game consoles.[3] Microsoft rolled out its first release of Windows 11 on October 5, 2021.[4]

Versions[]

There have been many versions of Windows since its introduction in 1985, ranging from 16-bit to 64-bit, for both client and server applications.

Major releases of the consumer operating system[]

  • Windows 1.0 (1985)
  • Windows 2.0 (1987)
  • Windows 2.1 (1988)
  • Windows 3.0 (1990)
  • Windows 3.1 (1992)
  • Windows 95 (1995)
  • Windows 98 (1998)
  • Windows 2000 (2000)
  • Windows Me (2000)
  • Windows XP (2001)
  • Windows Vista (2006)
  • Windows 7 (2009)
  • Windows 8 (2012)
  • Windows RT (2012)
  • Windows 8.1 (2013)
  • Windows 10 (2015)
  • Windows 11 (2021)

Major releases of the business / server operating system[]

  • Windows NT 3.1 (1993)
  • Windows NT 3.5 (1994)
  • Windows NT 3.51 (1995)
  • Windows NT 4.0 (1996)
  • Windows 2000 Server (2000)
  • Windows Server 2003 (2003)
  • Windows Server 2003 R2 (2005)
  • Windows Server 2008 (2008)
  • Windows Server 2008 R2 (2009)
  • Windows Server 2012 (2012)
  • Windows Server 2012 R2 (2013)
  • Windows Server 2016 (2016)
  • Windows Server 2019 (2018)
  • Windows Server 2022 (2021)
  • Windows Server 2025 (2024)

History[]

Windows was first originated as an add-on to MS-DOS to provide a graphical user interface to the traditional command-line system.

Windows 1.0[]

A typical Windows 1.0 desktop.

The first independent version of Microsoft Windows, version 1.0, released in November 1985, lacked a degree of functionality and achieved little popularity.

Windows 2.0[]

Windows 2.0 was released in November 1987 and was slightly more popular than its predecessor. Windows 2.03 (release date January 1988) had introduced overlapping windows, which led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging copyright infringement.

Windows 3.0[]

A Windows 3.11 Workgroup desktop.

Windows 3.0, released in 1990, was the first Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months. It featured improvements to the user interface and to multitasking capabilities. It was updated to version 3.1 in 1992.

Windows NT 3.1[]

In July 1993, Microsoft released Windows NT based on IBM OS/2 technology (which Microsoft had been co-developing for several years prior). NT was targeted at businesses rather than home users, although these separate lines would later be combined.

Windows 95[]

On August 24, 1995, Microsoft released Windows 95, which introduced support for native 32-bit applications and long file names of up to 255 characters. The most significant addition, however, was the Start Menu – a graphical menu which provides a central launching point for programs and performing other tasks.

Windows 98[]

The next in line was Microsoft Windows 98 released in June 1998. Substantially criticized for its slowness compared with Windows 95, many of its basic problems were later rectified with the release of Windows 98 Second Edition in 1999.

Windows 2000/Me[]

As part of its business line, Microsoft released the NT-based Windows 2000 in February 2000, which was used for servers and workstations alike. The consumer version was the 9x-based Windows Me (Millennium Edition), released in September 2000. Windows Me attempted to implement a number of new technologies for Microsoft, most notably Universal Plug and Play, however, the OS was substantially criticized for its lack of compatibility and stability.

Windows XP[]

A typical Windows XP desktop.

In October 2001, Microsoft released Windows XP, a version built on the Windows NT kernel that also retained the consumer-oriented usability of Windows 95 and its successors. It shipped in two distinct editions, «Home» and «Professional», the former lacking many of the superior security and networking features of the Professional edition. Additionally, the «Media Center» edition was released in 2003, with an emphasis on support for DVD and TV functionality including program recording and a remote control.

Windows Server 2003[]

Windows Server 2003 was introduced in April 2003, replacing the Windows 2000 line of server products with a number of new features and a strong focus on security; this was followed in December 2005 by Windows Server 2003 R2 (Release 2).

Windows Vista[]

The long-awaited Windows Vista, codenamed Longhorn, was released in 2007 with 5 editions. Vista was built on the more recent and more stable platform of Server 2003. Windows Server 2008 was introduced in February 2008.

Windows 7[]

In October 2009, Windows 7 was launched as the successor to Vista, and is considered to be a lot more stable and usable than its predecessor. At the same time, Windows Server 2008 R2 was launched as an update to the server line.

Windows 8[]

In October 26, 2012, Windows 8 was launched as the successor to Windows 7 and introduced major changes to the OS’s platform and user interface to improve experience on mobile devices, because Windows was now competing with mobile OS’s. Windows Server 2012 was also released.

Windows 8.1[]

Windows 8.1 was released on October 17, 2013 to address complaints of Windows 8. It included visual enhancements, new apps, and support for new technologies. It received more acceptance than Windows 8. Windows Server 2012 R2 was released at that time.

Windows 10[]

Windows 10 was released on July 29, 2015 as the successor to Windows 8.1, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes include the return of the Start menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop instead of in full-screen mode. The user interface is designed to handle changes between mouse and touchscreen interfaces. The server equivalents for Windows 10 are Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019. The current version of Windows 10 is version 21H1, released in May 2021.

Windows 11[]

Windows 11, codenamed «Sun Valley«, was leaked on June 15, 2021 and was formally announced on June 24 as the successor to Windows 10 during a livestream. Preview builds began being released through the Windows Insider Program on June 28, demonstrating the return of a rounded user interface and a Start Menu and Taskbar that are centered by default.[5] Windows 11 was released as a free upgrade to eligible customers on October 5, 2021.[4][6] A phased rollout of the Windows 11 2022 Update (22H2) began on September 20, 2022.[7] The next annual update is codenamed «Copper» (23H2) and is scheduled for release in 2023. New features in development include the ability to expand the view of Widgets, an improved Xbox Game Pass Widget, redesigned «Rename this PC» and date/time picker UI.[8]

Future[]

Microsoft announced that major new versions of Windows are being scheduled for release every 3 years, placing the next such version in 2024.[9] Upcoming features from a prototype build that was demonstrated at Microsoft Ignite 2022 included a rounded floating Taskbar, weather information and system icons at the top corners, an elongated pill-shaped search bar at the top center, and a working codename of «Next Valley«.[10] In December 2022, Microsoft began the Zinc (24H2) development semester.[11] On March 8, 2023, the Windows Insider Program initiated the Canary Channel to begin separate testing of experimental features believed to be intended for Windows 12.[12]

Interface[]

Microsoft Office apps in Windows 11.

The most obvious feature of Windows is a window or a container for other graphical objects. A Window in Microsoft Windows typically contains a status bar, title bar, minimize and maximize buttons, close button, and system menu (also called the windows menu or control menu). Another prominent feature since Windows 95 and NT 4.0 is the desktop, which holds various icons that the user can double-click to open. The Start Button and Start Menu, attached to the taskbar and typically below the desktop, gives users access to installed programs and many of the other features of the operating system.

Due to these and features, Windows makes it possible to perform most common tasks, some quite complex, with very little computer knowledge. Windows also comes with features to help the disabled through its accessibility options. Under Windows XP, these features include the Narrator, Magnifier, and contrast display mode.

Logo timeline[]

1985-2001 as Microsoft Windows 1.0x-2.x

1988-2001 as Microsoft Windows 3.0

1991-2010 as Microsoft Windows 3.1-2000

1995-2006 as Microsoft Windows 9x

2001-2014 as Windows XP

2006-2012 as Windows Vista-7

2012-2015 as Windows 8 and Windows 8.1

2015-2021 as Windows 10

2021-present as Windows 11

Widespread usage[]

Microsoft Windows is installed on the vast majority of personal computers. A July 2005 poll of Network Computing magazine readers found that 90% of their organizations used Microsoft’s desktop operating systems. It has achieved enormous market penetration due to the domination of MS-DOS in the early days of PC compatible computers (IBM PC clones). It is also the primary platform for Microsoft Office and most non-console computer games.

The widespread use of Microsoft’s operating system has benefited from not being tied to the success of one hardware manufacturer and from Microsoft’s willingness to license the operating system to manufacturers. This is in contrast with Apple Computer, which does not license Mac OS X to other manufacturers, and Sun Microsystems, which did not license Solaris before it was made free and open-source. However, the wide spectrum of possible hardware permutations with Microsoft Windows is also a major source of computer problems because of hardware-software incompatibilities for consumers.

In the past, companies who wanted to be in the computer business had to create their own operating systems (such as the Amiga, BBC Micro or ZX Spectrum) or choose another OS; even an exclusive license with one vendor was significantly cheaper than developing and supporting a new operating system and software base.

Due to Microsoft’s extensive licensing agreements with many computer vendors, Windows presently comes pre-installed on most computers as a bundled OEM version, making it the default or only choice for most of the market.

For some consumers, Windows is the only valid option for a computing environment, or it is mandated by their workplace; additionally, an unfamiliarity with other operating systems results in a lack of desire to switch to other operating systems. A significant percentage of computer users simply lack the technical knowledge needed to install an operating system.

Finally, the large base of software available exclusively for the Windows family of operating systems has become the single largest self-perpetuating reason for the popularity of Windows. In recent years, many companies have been started with the sole intention of releasing Windows software; the fact that there is already a large customer base in place is reason enough for such companies to spend their resources solely on Windows software development. As a result, the fact that many companies are supporting Windows exclusively is a self-reinforcing reason for customers to choose Windows.

Maintaining compatibility in a new release of Windows with this large collection of software designed to run on older flavors of Windows consumes a large part of the resources of the Windows development team.

Security[]

The Windows XP Security Center supplied in Service Pack 2.

Security has been a major weakness of Windows for many years, and even Microsoft itself has been the victim of cracks and hacks. Due to the widespread usage of Windows on personal computers, many crackers (also known as black hat hackers) have targeted Windows rather than the lesser-used operating systems such as Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD. Some believe that due to being designed for security in a multi-user and/or networked environment some other operating systems have a relatively small number of security issues. Windows was originally designed for ease-of-use on a single-user PC without a network connection and did not have security features built-in from the outset. Combined with occasionally flawed code (such as buffer overflows), Windows is a continuous target of worms and virus writers. Furthermore, until Service Pack 2 of Windows XP most versions of Windows were shipped with important security features disabled by default, and vulnerable albeit useful system services enabled by default. In June 2005, Bruce Schneier’s Counterpane Internet Security reported that it had seen over 1,000 new viruses and worms in the previous six months.

Microsoft publicly admitted their ongoing security problems shortly after the turn of the century and now claims to regard security as their number one priority. As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP greatly increased the security of the operating system. Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In Windows 2000 (Service Pack 3 and later), Windows Me, and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so.

As another step in their focus on security, Microsoft has released Windows Defender (formerly Windows AntiSpyware and Giant AntiSpyware) a free program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software.

A study conducted by Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised. The AOL/National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study of October 2004 determined that 80% of Windows users were infected by at least one spyware/adware product. Much documentation is available describing how to increase the security of Microsoft Windows products. Typical suggestions include deploying Microsoft Windows behind a hardware or software firewall, running anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and installing patches as they become available through Windows Update.

See also[]

  • General
    • Microsoft
  • Further reading
    • Architecture of the Windows NT operating system line
    • History of Microsoft Windows
    • List of Microsoft Windows components
    • Microsoft Windows topics
    • Windows Explorer
    • Windows Genuine Advantage
    • Windows Media

References[]

  1. «The Unusual History of Microsoft Windows». Retrieved April 22, 2007.
  2. Keizer, Gregg (July 14, 2014). «Microsoft gets real, admits its device share is just 14%». IDG. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. «[Microsoft’s chief operating officer] Turner’s 14% came from a new forecast released last week by Gartner, which estimated Windows’ share of the shipped device market last year was 14%, and would decrease slightly to 13.7% in 2014. [..] Android will dominate, Gartner said, with a 48% share this year»
  3. «Xbox One Architecture Finally Explained — Runs OS ‘Virtually Indistinguishable’ from Windows 8». WCCFtech. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Windows 11 available on October 5 by Aaron Woodman, Microsoft. 2021-08-31.
  5. Microsoft releases Windows 11 preview, available to download now by Tom Warren, The Verge. 2021-06-28.
  6. Windows 11 release date is October 5 by George Cox, The Spectrum. 2021-09-13.
  7. Windows 11, version 22H2 known issues and notifications, Microsoft. 2022-09-22.
  8. Windows 11 25201 gets new ‘Rename this PC’ and date/time picker UI, here is how to enable it, by Taras Buria, NeoWin. 2022-09-15.
  9. Microsoft moves to new Windows development cycle with major release every three years, feature drops in between by Zac Bowden, Windows Central. 2022-07-15.
  10. Microsoft accidentally revealed a UI design prototype for the next version of Windows at Ignite 2022 by Zac Bowden, Windows Central. 2022-10-13.
  11. Microsoft quietly stomps into Windows 11 Zinc development semester by Sayan Sen, Neowin. 2022-12-13.
  12. Microsoft releases Windows 11 Build 23403 on the rebooted Dev Channel by Wayne Williams, BetaNews. 2023-03-08.

External links[]

Official[]

  • Microsoft’s Official Windows Website
  • Official Promotional Website (Windows.com)
  • Windows history time line from Microsoft
  • Windows official Twitter
  • Windows official YouTube channel

Tips and documentation[]

  • How to run multiple versions of Windows on one PC
  • Tech-Recipes Windows Guide – listing of almost 500 Windows Tutorials
  • The Windows Documentation Project (wiki)
  • Securing Microsoft Windows (for Home and Small Business Users)
  • Symantec Anti-Virus Research Center – excellent informational security resource, and Symantec are makers of Norton Anti-Virus (third party software sold separately).
  • dotwhat? — File Extension Listing – a huge listing of file extensions and the programs that use them
  • Windows – tips and tricks for Windows 98, ME, NT, 2000 and XP
  • Windows Support Script
  • The Windows Wiki
  • Vernalex’s Windows Services Utility – an unofficial list of most Windows services with detailed descriptions and recommended run states

Programming Microsoft Windows[]

  • Microsoft Development Network for programming Microsoft Windows
  • Windows API tutorial in C++

Libraries[]

  • RSWL – free Reliable Software C++ Windows API library.

Reviews and evaluation[]

  • Paul Thurrott’s SuperSite for Windows – an exhaustive evaluation of Microsoft’s products and technologies
  • «Time to Live on the Network» – a security study by Kevin Mitnick and AvantGarde (PDF)
  • Windows XP: rough around the edges – an UI review of Windows XP
  • Frank Mahler’s Interface Hall Of Shame (in German)
  • AOL/National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study (October 2004) (PDF)
  • Interface Hall of Shame – an analysis of user interfaces with a focus on Windows

Other[]

  • Windows history – a Windows history time line graph by Éric Lévénez (detailed, continually updated)
  • GUIdebook: Windows Gallery – a website dedicated to preserving and showcasing graphical user interfaces
  • Windows 20th Birthday

Microsoft Windows family

Versions • Components • History
Original
DOS-based
Windows 1.0 • Windows 2.0 • Windows 2.1 (Windows/286 • Windows/386) • Windows 3.0 • Windows 3.1
Windows 9x
Windows 95 • Windows 98 • Windows Me
Windows NT
Early versions
Windows NT 3.1 • Windows NT 3.5 • Windows NT 3.51 • Windows NT 4.0 • Windows 2000
Client
Windows XP (development) • Windows Vista (editions • development) • Windows 7 (editions • development) • Windows 8 • Windows 10 • Windows 11
Windows Server
Server 2003 • Server 2008 (2008 R2) • HPC Server 2008 • Home Server • Small Business Server • Essential Business Server • Windows Server 2012 • Windows Server 2016 • Windows Server 2019 • Windows Server 2022
Specialized
Windows Embedded • Windows PE • Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs
Mobile
Windows Mobile • Windows Phone
Cancelled
Cairo • Nashville • Neptune • Odyssey • Windows 10X
Related
Metro • Midori • OS/2 • Windows Aero • Windows Setup • Windows XP themes • Microsoft Plus!

LTR Data logo

Follow on X!

This page contains software 5 star rated and certified free from virus and malware by several freeware download sites.

Some of my programs listed here are written many years ago and some
are new, but most of them are now recompiled with MSVC++ compiler.
Source code repositories for most of the things are available at
Github.
You can use and redistribute the utilities and source code as you
like, but remember to link back to this site or
Github repository and always attach any following text file when you redistribute the
utilities.

Most of the programs here are compressed into ZIP files. ZIP files
can be uncompressed in Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 but
earlier versions of Windows require a third-party ZIP tool, like the
freeware
7-zip.

Please note!



The applications and tools provided at this web site are intended for system administration, backup and recovery operations, research, forensics investigations and similar tasks and for legitimate lawful purposes only. There is no malware, spyware or any similar things spread through the software and the software will not make hidden modifications to user’s operating system or environment without user specifically asking for it using command line options, user interface provided options or similar. There are no hidden features for spying on users such as reporting usage information or any other private information back to any other place.

The applications are not tested in all possible
environments. Neither authors nor distributors should be held responsible for what the
applications actually do when they are used.


If you have any ideas
or modifications of source code you would like to share,
please send me an e-mail. The
tools published here are free with a very flexible
open license. It is for example no
problem to include any of the tools in a commercial product, as long
as copyright information specifies that parts of the software
belongs to me with some kind of reference, such as a web link, to
https://ltr-data.se or this page. You do not need to make the
source code available to your customers.

Voluntary payments for use of downloaded software

Programs listed here are free to
download and use. To make it possible to continue with this and
pay for web site, software signing certificates and other costs you are more than welcome to
pay a voluntary usage «fee». For information about
possible ways to pay, please follow this link.

Ads from Google. Not
about my products, but might be of interest:

On this page

  • Update history for this page (last update 27 March 2025)
  • ImDisk Virtual Disk Driver and Arsenal Image Mounter
  • Zero and Random Device Driver
  • Small native Windows command line utilities
  • Small native Windows utilities with graphical user
    interface

  • Small .NET cross-platform command line utilities
  • Small .NET Windows utilities with graphical user interface

Advice and consultation available

Need advice for programming projects or
need a C/C++ or .NET C#/VB programmer? Advice how
to optimize and simplify administration of computers and networks? Migrate old source code to modern development systems?
Have some kind of hard-to-solve problem with computers, networks,
drivers, applications etc? Maybe I can help you. Send me an
e-mail: olof@ltr-data.se or
call me at +46 70 345 89 52 or Skype: live:ol. (I speak Swedish and English.)


Click here
for update history for this page (last update 27 March 2025)


All file dates are in ISO date format, YYYY-MM-DD.
This makes the list easier to sort.


ImDisk Virtual Disk Driver

Current version 2.1.1 built 30 October 2021 packaged 16 November 2022

ImDisk is a virtual disk driver for Windows
NT/2000/XP/Vista/7/8/8.1/10 and Windows Server 2003/2003 R2/2008/2008 R2/2012/2012 R2, 32 and 64 bit editions. It can create virtual hard disk, floppy
or CD/DVD drives using image files or system memory. The install
package installs a console-mode control program called
imdisk.exe and a Control Panel
applet
. After install is
finished, type
imdisk
without parameters for syntax help or double click the
ImDisk icon in the Control
Panel. It also adds a menu item in Windows Explorer so that you can
right-click on a file to mount it as a virtual disk drive. Users of
mdconfig in FreeBSD will
probably be familiar with the command line syntax of
imdisk.exe. The driver, service
and control program can be uninstalled using the Add/Remove programs
applet in the Control Panel. No reboot is required for installing or
uninstalling.

An additional driver, awealloc, in this install package supports memory
allocation beyond 4 GB limit on 32 bit Windows through address window extension,
AWE.

The
ImDisk driver supports forwarding I/O requests to third-party image file format
handlers or to services on other
computers on the network. This makes it possible to boot a machine
with NTFS partitions with a Live-CD and use the included 
devio tool to let
ImDisk on another computer
running Windows on the network mount the NTFS partition on the
machine with a faulty NTFS partition. This way you can recover information and
even run chkdsk on drives on machines where Windows does not boot. There are also instructions about how to use
devio under Windows on
Claus Valca’s blog.

  • Download screenshot
    — 43,5 KB
  • Download ImDisk install package, current stable version 2.1.1 packaged 16 November 2022 — 640,8 KB, works on both 32-bit and
    64-bit versions of Windows. Security Notice: Always download setup packages to a new empty directory. To run a setup package from a directory with other unrelated files could be dangerous!
  • Download ImDisk install files for current stable version as a zip file built 30 October 2021 — 1,1 MB.
  • Download ImDisk install package, previous stable version 2.0.10 — 561,3 KB
  • Download devio tool for FreeBSD x86 built 16 November 2022 — 9,9 KB.
  • Download devio tool for FreeBSD x64 built 16 November 2022 — 14,5 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Linux x86 built 16 November 2022 — 11,0 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Linux x64 built 16 November 2022 — 10,4 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Windows x86 built 19 November 2018 — 10,7 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Windows x64 built 18 November 2018 — 21,6 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Windows ARM built 18 November 2018 — 19,8 KB.
  • Download devio tool for Windows ARM64 built 30 October 2021 — 21,4 KB.

About the install package

The install package is created using 7-zip sfx stubs and includes an
.inf install script. No reboot is required after installing or
uninstalling. The install package works on Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP,
Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 8.1, on both 32-bit and 64-bit
versions.

Compatibility

ImDisk Virtual Disk Driver is designed to be a small, simple and yet powerful virtual disk driver. It runs on very old versions of Windows NT as well as modern Windows versions. However, because of this compatibility design and because it emulates disk volumes rather than complete disks, it is not always compatible with all applications and drivers. For instance, you cannot manage things like mount points, drive letters and similar for ImDisk drives using mountvol command line tool or in Disk Management in Windows. As another example, you cannot create or access shadow copies on ImDisk drives. So, applications that use similar Windows features as Disk Management dialog to enumerate disks and disk volumes to find disk properties like sector sizes and similar, might possibly not work as expected with ImDisk drives.

Arsenal Image Mounter — If you need full disk emulation support

If you need full disk emulation, including integration with Disk Management, Volume Shadow Copy Services, mountvol and diskpart command line tools as well as better compatibility with applications, we provide another open source virtual disk project, called Arsenal Image Mounter. It is published together with Arsenal Recon and is available for download here. It is available for non-commercial use under AGPL license. Commercial license options available, please contact Arsenal Recon for more information. Source code, command line tools, driver setup packages and similar for Arsenal Image Mounter are available on GitHub. The directory structure is desribed in
this document.

Questions?

There is a sub-forum at
Reboot.pro for discussions about ImDisk Virtual Disk Driver and
other tools published here.

Answers to frequently asked questions are

collected in this thread
.

ImDisk Toolkit

The ImDisk Toolkit is a complete package that adds a more modern and intuitive user interface to ImDisk. ImDisk Toolkit offers features like automated creation of memory disks at system startup and mounting many different image file formats. It is developed and maintained by «v77». It is available for
download here.

Reviewed by Tekzilla

There is a Tekzilla review of ImDisk Toolkit on Youtube:

5/5 star rating and certified free from virus and malware by several freeware download sites.

CPU architecture compatibility

Almost all of the source code is identical for all supported CPU architectures. Currently supported architectures are x86, ia64, x64, arm32 and arm64. All
features and most limitations are the same in the 64-bit and 32-bit
versions. One difference however, is that the 64-bit versions
do not have any practical size limits for virtual disks backed by memory.

Driver files are digitally
signed with a certificate trusted by Microsoft.

This means that ImDisk works on Windows Vista and later
without running in testsigning mode.

Special note for Windows NT 3.51

The .inf file used in the install process is not compatible with
Windows NT 3.51. To install on NT 3.51 you can extract the files in
the packages using 7-zip and then manually create the driver keys in
the registry or using a SCM control tool like
sc.exe in the Windows NT
Resource Kit. On later versions of Windows you just run the package
and it will install everything automatically.

Source code

Source code for all of ImDisk Virtual Disk Driver,
including the devio server-side tool, API libraries etc is available as a Github repository. Different parts of the source tree are built in different environments:

  • The Windows drivers, command line tool and Control Panel applet parts of the source code are built with WDK 7.1.0. There is a Makefile in the source tree root that builds imdisk.sys, awealloc.sys, imdisk.cpl, imdisk.exe and imdsksvc.exe when ran with nmake in WDK 7.1.0 command prompts.
  • The devio server side tool used with ImDisk clients in proxy mode, can be built with most *nix C++ compilers like gcc and similar. It can also be built in most Visual Studio/C++ command prompts. In all cases the devio binary you get supports listening for a tcp/ip connection and serving either a raw image file or a Microsoft vhd image file and parsing MBR partition tables to find offsets and sizes. When built with Visual Studio/C++ compilers, you will get a devio.exe that also supports listening for shared memory connections, the —dll switch to load custom dlls for accessing custom image file formats and features for auto-finding sizes of a physical devices.
  • The .NET library located in ImDiskNet subdirectory can be built using Visual Studio 2017 or higher or any recent version of .NET SDK.
  • There is also a Visual Studio solution with some project files for the driver, Control Panel applet, imdisk.exe and devio.exe. It is particularly useful to build for architectures not supported by the old WDK 7.1.0 environment, such as arm and arm64.

API

API functions are available for C/C++, COM and .NET clients. If you want to call functions for
creating/removing/querying virtual disks from your own program you
can #include the file inc\imdisk.h in your C/C++ source files and
link the cpl\i386\imdisk.lib library.
Read inc\imdisk.h in source archive for documentation about C/C++ usage. If you would like information
about how to write compatible server-end software in C/C++ you can take a
look at the I/O packet structures in inc\imdproxy.h.

A class library DLL for COM and .NET developers is available as separate wrapper DLLs,
published at NuGet.
LTRData.ImDiskNet and
LTRData.DevioNet, it can be used with .NET Framework 2.0 or later.

Look here
for on-line documentation about .NET API. There are also, as usual, xml
files with method/parameter descriptions available to each assembly file.

There is also a .NET application, DiscUtilsDevio, that combines image file format support in DiscUtils libraries with ImDisk.

License

I have received some e-mails with questions whether or not it is
okay to include this driver in a commercial product. The answer is
yes, just like all other tools I publish here. However, note that a few lines of code are under the GNU GPL license. More specifically, the driver code related to floppy
emulation. Some of the driver code is also ported to Windows NT from
the FreeBSD ‘md’ driver.

This means that if you modify the code and/or include it in and/or redistribute it along with your own product, all of the modified/integrated/redistributed product that you distribute needs to be redistributed under GPL, including source code. If you wish to avoid GPL requirements, such as the need to redistribute source code, you would therefore need to remove all floppy emulation related code from the driver. I
will be happy to do such modifications for you to make the code comply with your license requirements. Just send me an e-mail!


Zero and Random device driver — updated
16 November 2022

The Zero and Random device driver creates two device objects,
\Device\Zero and
\Device\Random and a symbolic
link to each of these under
\DosDevices
so that they are reachable from Win32 applications using the syntax
\\.\zero and
\\.\random. The devices work
like /dev/zero and /dev/random in *nix like environments.
Zero produces zero characters
and
Random produces random
characters in the read buffers. When written to both of the device
objects act like a
Null
device, that is just accepting and ignoring the data in the write
buffer. The drivers can e.g. be used with the classic
dd tool or with my
rawcopy tool to fill files,
devices etc with zero or random characters, e.g. to wipe out the
contents of a hard drive.

Beginning with version 1.1.0.3 different versions are installed on different versions of Windows. On Vista and later, random numbers are generated by system cryptographic random number generator. On earlier versions random numbers are generated by
RtlRandom or
RtlRandomEx API functions with a time based seed.

The install package installs the driver and loads it into the kernel
and setup for automatic load when Windows starts up. The driver can
be uninstalled using Add/Remove programs applet in the Control
Panel.

  • Download the install package
    — 172,9 KB. Works on both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows. Security Notice: Always download setup packages to a new empty directory. To run a setup package from a directory with other unrelated files could be dangerous!

About the install package

The install package is created using 7-zip sfx stubs and includes an
.inf install script. No reboot is required after installing or
uninstalling. The install package works on Windows NT 3.51/NT
4.0/2000/XP/Server 2003/Vista/Server 2008, both 32-bit and 64-bit
versions.

Drivers are now digitally signed with a certificate
trusted by Microsoft.

This means that this driver now works on Windows Vista and later even without running it testsigning mode.

Special note for Windows NT 3.51

The .inf file used in the install process is not compatible with
Windows NT 3.51. To install on NT 3.51 you can extract the files in
the packages using 7-zip and then manually create the driver keys in
the registry or using a SCM control tool like
sc.exe in the Windows NT
Resource Kit. On later versions of Windows you just run the package
and it will install everything automatically.

Source code

Source code for 
this driver is available on
GitHub. The source
code can be built both with legacy Makefile-based WDK build environments and with modern Visual Studio integrated WDK.


Small native Windows command line utilities

Works on Windows NT/95/98/ME/2000/XP/2003 unless the description
says something else. Some of them also run on Windows 3.x with
Win32s but then without displaying anything because Win32s on
Windows 3.x has no console support.

32 bit versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 7 (2003) compiler. They are not linked with the standard C or C++
libraries that comes with this compiler. Instead, most of them are linked
with a dynamic library I call minwcrt (Minimal Windows C Run-Time
Library) linking them to crtdll.dll instead of msvcrt.dll. This
makes them run in all versions of Win32 without additional dll
files. This is also the reason why the exe files are very small.
Source for this library is available as part of the source archive
mentioned in the top of this document. Some other tools are linked to msvcrt.dll to support formatting 64-bit integers and similar features not available in crtdll.dll. This means that some such tools may require updated MS VC++ runtime dll files on Windows NT 3.51, Windows 95 or Win32s.

64 bit versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 8 (2005) compiler. They are linked to msvcrt.dll and are compatible with all x86-64 (previously known as AMD64) Windows versions from Windows XP/Server 2003 and onwards.

ARM versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 12 (2013) compiler. They are linked to msvcr120.dll which is installed on both Windows RT and Windows 10 IoT editions by default.

ARM64 versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 14.1 (2017) compiler. You need Visual C++ Redistributable package to run these versions. It is available
here.

Big ZIP files with compiled stand-alone exe-files for most of the utilities
listed here and some more:

Zip archive with 32 bit exe files (2,0 MB)

7-zip archive with 32 bit exe files (541,0 KB)

Zip archive with 64 bit exe files (2,1 MB)

7-zip archive with 64 bit exe files (547,7 KB)

Zip archive with ARM exe files (2,3 MB)

7-zip archive with ARM exe files (547,7 KB)

Zip archive with ARM64 exe files (2,4 MB)

7-zip archive with ARM64 exe files (570,3 KB)

  • calldll.zip23,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    calldll64.zip24,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    calldll.zip14,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    calldll.zip14,4 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Calls a function in a dll file. The
    function must use the stdcall calling convention and accept only
    one single parameter, a pointer to a character string as or a
    NULL pointer. If you e.g. want to connect to a network printer
    from a batch file you can write: «calldll winspool.drv
    AddPrinterConnectionA \\server\printerq». The ZIP file also
    contains calldllw.exe which is exactly the same except that it
    passes a unicode string instead of ansi. That version can only
    be used in Windows NT/2000/XP/2003.
  • chsize32.zip13,4 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    chsize3264.zip13,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    chsize32.zip14,2 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    chsize32.zip15,3 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Changes file size of existing file or
    creates a new file with specified size.
  • copyacls.zip14,6 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    copyacls64.zip16,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    copyacls.zip16,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    copyacls.zip18,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Copies access lists (permissions and
    ownership) from one file or directory to a list of others.
  • cut.zip14,7 KB (32 bit, compiled 2023-10-25)
    cut64.zip15,9 KB (64 bit, compiled 2023-10-25)
    cut.zip16,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2023-10-25)
    cut.zip17,0 KB (ARM64, compiled 2023-10-25)
    My small and efficient Win32 port of the BSD cut utility. Because the 32 bit version does not
    require msvcrt.dll it will run without additional files even on
    very old versions of Windows NT.
  • devioctl.zip21,9 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    devioctl64.zip21,8 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    devioctl.zip23,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    devioctl.zip24,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Command line interface to the basic disk, volume and file system
    functions available through DeviceIoControl() API. Used to dismount a
    filesystem, load or eject e.g. a CD, display geometry, partition and SCSI address information, online/offline disks and volumes,
    display volume disk extents, TRIM disk or file ranges, move file allocation clusters etc. Requires Windows
    NT/2000/XP/2003.
  • dosdev.zip13,5 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    dosdev64.zip14,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    dosdev.zip15,2 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    dosdev.zip16,3 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Command line interface to the
    DefineDosDevice() and QueryDosDevice() API functions. Defines,
    redefines and prints information about the emulated DOS devices
    in Windows NT. Very useful if you want to use any object in
    Windows NT object namespace from ordinary Win32 applications.
    (In Windows 95/98/ME this utility is equivalent to the SUBST
    command.)
  • enumproto.zip7,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-03-11)
    Utility to display and optionally remove
    installed Winsock LSP modules Layered Service Providers. Today many spyware/adware/malware
    install LSP modules to capture network traffic and send
    statistics to some company. After removing such spyware Winsock
    APIs may fail for all applications because there are registry
    references to LSP modules that no longer exists. In Windows XP
    SP2 you can reset LSP chain using the command netsh winsock reset but
    with earlier versions it was almost impossible without
    reinstalling the TCP/IP protocol, as described in KB892350 or
    KB817571.
    The enumproto
    simplifies the procedure of removing LSP modules from the chain
    and can run on Windows 95 (with Winsock 2.x), 98, ME, NT 4.0,
    2000, XP and Server 2003.
  • enumps.zip13,7 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    enumps64.zip14,7 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    enumps.zip16,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    enumps.zip17,1 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Utility to display names of running
    processes, which dll modules are loaded into different processes
    and numbers and owner processes of running threads. Requires
    Windows 95/98/ME/2000/XP/2003. It does not work on Windows NT
    4.0 or earlier, use psmod
    instead to enumerate loaded dll files or the pslist tool by SysInternals
    to enumerate running processes.
  • exelist.zip18,1 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    exelist64.zip18,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    exelist.zip20,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    exelist.zip20,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays information about exe files (and
    dll and other executable formats loadable in Windows). The
    utility reads the version resource linked into the exe files and
    also displays which executable format the image is.
  • fdf.zip21,1 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    fdf64.zip21,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    fdf.zip23,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-13)
    fdf.zip23,3 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-13)
    Utility to search for duplicate files and
    optionally delete or hard link them to save disk space.
  • fileinfo.zip14,1 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    fileinfo64.zip14,3 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    fileinfo.zip15,6 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    fileinfo.zip17,2 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays information about file
    attributes, creation, modification and last access time, index
    serials (posix i-node number and sequence number) and number of
    hard links.
  • fsplit32.zip10,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2023-10-25)
    fsplit3264.zip11,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2023-10-25)
    fsplit32.zip12,7 KB (ARM32, compiled 2023-10-25)
    fsplit32.zip13,8 KB (ARM64, compiled 2023-10-25)
    Splits a big file into smaller part files
    of specified size. Useful to split a large file to many floppies
    or CD:s. The file parts can be restored to the large file again
    using the copy /b command at the command line, like copy /b
    part1+part2+part3 bigfile. This is an old tool originally developed around 1998. Please be aware that there might be certain limitations in functionality, particularly when used on modern Windows versions.
  • finger.zip7,2 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-03-10)
    Finger service client. The source also
    compiles fine on most *nix like systems.
  • getcp.zip10,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    Includes getacp.exe and getoemcp.exe.
    Returns the ANSI codepage number or the OEM codepage number
    respectively. Useful in batch files where you want to use chcp
    command to set the codepage to one of the system defaults.
  • geteltorito.zip12,7 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    geteltorito64.zip13,4 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    geteltorito.zip14,9 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    geteltorito.zip15,8 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Utility to extract an El Torito
    default boot image from an ISO CD/DVD image. Useful if you for
    example want to create a bootable Windows installation CD with
    an integrated Service Pack and you want it to boot with the El
    Torito image from the original CD.
  • gethost.zip11,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    gethost64.zip12,3 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    gethost.zip14,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    gethost.zip14,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays host name and IP address for the
    local host or specified host name or IP address. This utility
    uses the gethost*() functions so it displays exactly what
    response other applications get when they ask e.g. for the IP
    address of a given host name.
  • getkey.zip5,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    getkey64.zip5,5 KB (64 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    getkey.zip6,6 KB (ARM32, compiled 2018-05-13)
    getkey.zip6,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2018-11-26)
    Waits for a keystroke, converts it to
    upper case and returns the ascii value for that key. Useful in
    batch files where you want the user to press a key to select
    something.
  • joindomain.zip12,4 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    Join a computer to a domain from the
    command line. Requires Windows 2000/XP/2003.
  • junc.zip13,5 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    junc64.zip14,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    junc.zip13,9 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    junc.zip16,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Creates/displays/deletes junctions of empty NTFS
    directories to another NTFS directory given a native path,
    possibly on another volume. Works on Windows 2000/XP/2003.
  • killwin.zip27,2 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    killwin64.zip30,8 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    killwin.zip34,3 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    killwin.zip39,0 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    The kill.exe, enumwin.exe and showwin.exe
    utilities used to find, manipulate, close or destroy windows on
    the current desktop. Useful to kill hung applications by giving
    window title. kill.exe can also force application to terminate
    within a given number of seconds by first trying to close the
    application’s window and then if it has not terminated within
    the given time it terminates the process.
  • movent.zip12,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    movent64.zip13,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    movent.zip12,7 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    movent.zip15,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Command line interface to the MoveFileEx()
    API function. Moves files, possibly delay the actual move until
    next reboot if you want. Can be used to rename or remove files
    not movable while the system is running. Reduced functionality
    when run in Windows 95/98/ME, does not run under Win32s in
    Windows 3.x.
  • popdump.zip15,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    Retrieves all e-mail messages from a POP3
    mailbox and dumps them as eml files. The eml files can be opened
    in most e-mail applications. This application supports clear text connections and clear text authentication only.
    To use SSL/TLS encryption and/or encrypted authentication, please try the more modern corresponding .NET tools described further down this page.
  • popman.zip16,0 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    Useful to list messages in a POP mailbox
    and delete a message you don’t want to receive directly on the
    server. Useful e.g. if you have a low bandwidth connection and
    can’t receive the e-mail you want just because there is a really
    big e-mail first at the server… This application supports clear text connections and clear text authentication only.
    To use SSL/TLS encryption and/or encrypted authentication, please try the more modern corresponding .NET tools described further down this page.
  • psmod.zip13,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    psmod64.zip13,9 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    psmod.zip13,5 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    psmod.zip16,5 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Utility to display which dll modules are
    loaded into different processes. Requires Windows NT 4.0 or
    2000/XP/2003. On Windows NT 4.0 the psapi package is required,
    if you don’t have it, i.e. the program complains about
    psapi.dll, you can get it here.
    For Windows 95/98/ME platforms, use the enumps tool instead.
  • rawcopy.zip20,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    rawcopy64.zip20,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    rawcopy.zip21,8 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    rawcopy.zip22,2 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Reads and writes files and devices.
    (Cannot read/write disk devices in Windows 95/98/ME or Win32s.)
    For example useful to write a floppy image file on a hard disk
    to a physical floppy in Windows NT. (This can also be done by
    using various Win32 ports of the *nix dd program. But unlike my
    rawcopy, they usually do not unmount/lock physical devices or
    partitions during the read/write which makes them quite
    dangerous to use if anything else is using the device
    meanwhile…) From version 1.2.1 it can also create sparse
    output files with a new -s command line switch. Version 1.3.0 supports
    differential copying.
  • reptxt32.zip15,1 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    reptxt3264.zip14,9 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    reptxt32.zip16,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    reptxt32.zip17,2 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Replaces a text string in any file. Can
    e.g. be used to change a text string in binary files or make the
    same text string change in a number of files at a time.
  • scrub.zip10,9 KB (32 bit, compiled 2020-04-25)
    scrub64.zip11,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2020-04-25)
    scrub.zip12,7 KB (ARM32, compiled 2020-04-25)
    scrub.zip13,1 KB (ARM64, compiled 2020-04-25)
    Wipes out data in a file by overwriting
    with either random data or zeros. Only allocated ranges of files are overwritten, so it is possible
    to securely wipe sparse files without overwriting the full virtual size, compared to many other
    similar tools.
  • setprio.zip15,4 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    setprio64.zip15,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    setprio.zip16,7 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    setprio.zip18,1 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays information about and optionally
    changes the priority class for a given process id or name. (Same
    function as the priority change option in Task Manager, but this
    is a command line tool that works in Windows 95/98/ME too.) This
    program does nothing when run in Win32s on Windows 3.x (because
    there is no process and thread scheduler in Windows 3.x).
  • shortren.zip12,7 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    shortren64.zip13,0 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    shortren.zip13,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    shortren.zip15,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Changes the short filename (MS-DOS
    compatible 8.3) alias of a file or directory with a long name or
    a name with characters not allowed in MS-DOS filenames. Requires
    Windows XP, Server 2003 or later.
  • sizdir32.zip18,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    sizdir3264.zip17,7 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    sizdir32.zip20,8 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    sizdir32.zip19,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Lists all files in a given size interval
    in current directory and all subdirectories and then displays
    how much disk space the files use and how much they would use if
    the allocation block size were changed.
  • sizeof.zip15,6 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    sizeof64.zip15,8 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    sizeof.zip16,7 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    sizeof.zip19,5 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Shows total size on disk for files
    or directories. For directories it shows total for all files in that directory, it
    uses backup privileges (if avaiable) to count all files, regardless of whether
    the current user can access them or not. It also shows compressed or sparse size
    rather than virtual size for such files. This tool counts one file only once,
    even if there are several hard links to the same physical file. There is also an
    option to skip reparse points (to let subdirectory search stay within one
    filesystem).
  • strarc.zip38,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2022-12-23)
    strarc64.zip45,4 KB (64 bit, compiled 2022-12-23)
    strarc.zip33,3 KB (ARM32, compiled 2022-12-23)
    strarc.zip35,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2022-12-23)
    A console backup/archive tool
    for all versions of Windows NT from NT 3.51 up to Windows 10. It uses the same
    backup methods as the ntbackup
    or robocopy programs
    and thus backs up all information and meta data on an NTFS
    volume. The main difference is that strarc is free and open
    source and produces stream archives you can store on tapes,
    disks or anywhere else or it can create the archive stream to
    stdout so that it can be compressed easily using stream
    compression tools like gzip
    or bzip2. The command
    line switches and parameters are quite similar to the *nix tar utility and it can
    easily be used to clone an entire NTFS volume including
    everything, files, directories, their time stamps, attributes
    and security information, compression attribute, alternate data
    streams, junctions, hard links etc. It is now even possible to backup the registry database files of a
    running Windows system. An information file called strarc.txt describing usage
    and including how-to:s and other documentation is included in
    this zip file. The documentation is also available here.
  • swapadd.zip13,0 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    swapadd64.zip13,4 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    swapadd.zip14,5 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    swapadd.zip16,2 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Adds a swap file on a running Windows
    system or displays usage of current swap files.
  • tickcount.zip12,2 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    tickcount64.zip12,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    tickcount.zip13,6 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    tickcount.zip14,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays information about how long time
    the system has been up. (Weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds
    and milliseconds.)
  • timelim.zip13,0 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    timelim64.zip13,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    timelim.zip13,0 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    timelim.zip15,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Limits execution time for a command, including subprocesses.
  • txtcnv32.zip13,6 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    txtcnv3264.zip14,2 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    txtcnv32.zip15,8 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    txtcnv32.zip16,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Converts text files or text streams from
    ANSI codepage to OEM codepage or vice versa. It is also possible to specify codepages to convert
    from and to, or to convert from or to 16-bit Unicode (UTF16) from or to
    a specific codepage.
  • w32ver.zip18,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver64.zip19,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver.zip11,5 KB (ARM32, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver.zip12,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2021-06-28)
    Displays the current version number, build
    number and service pack level for the current Win32 environment.
    w32verc.exe displays the information in the console window and
    w32ver.exe displays it in a dialog box making it compatible with
    Win32s on Windows 3.x.
  • whois.zip28,0 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    whois64.zip28,1 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    whois.zip30,1 KB (ARM32, compiled 2025-02-12)
    whois.zip30,5 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    My Win32 port of the GNU whois client.
    Automatically directs the query to the right whois server by
    using tables and following redirections. (This is an old version. Consider using an up-to-date Linux
    version through WSL instead.)
  • xcopynt.zip14,6 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    Copies a complete directory tree to
    another location. This tools copies files, directories (even
    empty ones), all attributes, extended attributes, time stamps,
    security information including access permissions (except in
    some cases owner and auditing information). Requires Windows NT
    4.0, Windows 2000, XP or Server 2003. The Windows NT 4.0 version
    of xcopy.exe did not have all this functionality. Note!
    The development of this tool has now come to an end. It has
    several limitations, especially under newer Windows versions (it
    lacks correct support for hard links, compression attribute,
    junction points, etc) and it does not work at all under Windows
    NT version prior to 4.0. I recommend all users of this tool to
    use the new strarc
    instead. If you previously typed xcopynt d:\dir\ you may now use strarc and
    type
    strarc -c | strarc -x
    -d:d:\dir\
    instead.

Small native Windows utilities with
graphical user interface (or with no user interface at all)

Works on all versions of Win32 unless the description says something
else. This includes at moment Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP/2003 and
Windows 3.x with Win32s installed.

32 bit versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 7 (2003) compiler. They are not linked with the standard C or C++
libraries that comes with this compiler. Instead, most of them are linked
with a dynamic library I call minwcrt (Minimal Windows C Run-Time
Library) linking them to crtdll.dll instead of msvcrt.dll. This
makes them run in all versions of Win32 without additional dll
files. This is also the reason why the exe files are very small.
Source for this library is available as part of the source archive
mentioned in the top of this document. Some other tools are linked to msvcrt.dll to support formatting 64-bit integers and similar features not available in crtdll.dll. This means that some such tools may require updated MS VC++ runtime dll files on Windows NT 3.51, Windows 95 or Win32s.

64 bit versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 8 (2005) compiler. They are linked to msvcrt.dll and are compatible with all 64 bit Windows versions from Windows XP/Server 2003 and onwards.

ARM versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 12 (2013) compiler. They are linked to msvcr120.dll which is installed on both Windows RT and Windows 10 IoT editions by default.

ARM64 versions are compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 14.1 (2017) compiler. They are linked to vcruntime140.dll and related libraries, which are installed with Windows 10 ARM64 editions by default.

  • enumwinw.zip15,6 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    Like the utilities in killwin.zip above,
    but this one is a graphical interface tool to view information
    about windows and other graphical objects on the current desktop
    and possibly show, hide, minimize or close them if you want.
    This tool requires Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 3 or later or
    Windows 95 or later. It is written in Visual Basic 6 so if it
    does not work you probably don’t have the VB run-time
    environment installed. You can get it here.
  • fsplitw.zip12,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2018-12-18)
    fsplitw64.zip13,8 KB (64 bit, compiled 2018-11-26)
    fsplitw.zip14,9 KB (ARM64, compiled 2018-11-26)
    Splits a big file into smaller part files
    of specified size. Useful to split a large file to many floppies
    or CD:s. The file parts can be restored to the large file again
    using the copy /b command at the command line, like copy /b
    part1+part2+part3 bigfile. This is an old tool originally developed around 1998. Please be aware that there might be certain limitations in functionality, particularly when used on modern Windows versions.
  • gethostw.zip12,1 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    gethostw64.zip12,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    gethostw.zip15,1 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Like gethost.zip above, but displays the
    information in a dialog box instead, making it compatible with
    Win32s on Windows 3.x (or good if you don’t like the console
    anyway…).
  • logonwrap.zip11,9 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    logonwrap64.zip12,5 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    logonwrap.zip14,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Runs the application specified on command
    line and waits for it to terminate and then logs out the user
    session. Particularly useful on Terminal Servers in cases where
    you want only one single application to run when user logs on
    and make sure the session is closed properly when that
    application is terminated.
  • logout.zip12,5 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    logout64.zip12,9 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    logout.zip15,3 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Command line interface for the
    ExitWindowsEx() API function. Useful to log out the current user
    or shutdown or restart the system in the way you want.
  • regrepl.zip11,7 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    regrepl64.zip13,3 KB (64 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    regrepl.zip15,2 KB (ARM64, compiled 2018-11-26)
    Registry Replace Tool. This program is useful
    if you have missed a «replace all»-function in the Registry
    Editor. The new version also supports remote operation on other
    computers on the network and selecting subkey where the search
    and replace should start. It supports replacing Ansi and Unicode
    texts in REG_SZ, REG_MULTI_SZ, REG_EXPAND_SZ and REG_BINARY type
    registry values. Download screenshot here (9,4 KB). This is an old tool originally developed around 1998. Please be aware that there might be certain limitations in functionality, particularly when used on modern Windows versions.
  • tickcntw.zip11,9 KB (32 bit, compiled 2025-02-13)
    tickcntw64.zip11,8 KB (64 bit, compiled 2025-02-12)
    tickcntw.zip14,6 KB (ARM64, compiled 2025-02-12)
    Displays a dialog box with information
    about how long the system has been up. (Weeks, days, hours,
    minutes, seconds and milliseconds.)
  • w32ver.zip18,8 KB (32 bit, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver64.zip19,6 KB (64 bit, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver.zip11,5 KB (ARM32, compiled 2021-08-28)
    w32ver.zip12,7 KB (ARM64, compiled 2021-06-28)
    Displays the current version number, build
    number and service pack level for the current Win32 environment.
    w32verc.exe displays the information in the console window and
    w32ver.exe displays it in a dialog box making it compatible with
    Win32s on Windows 3.x. Displays correct version numbers up to Windows 10.
  • winlogoncfg.zip23,3 KB (32 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    winlogoncfg64.zip25,3 KB (64 bit, compiled 2016-02-21)
    winlogoncfg.zip16,1 KB (ARM64, compiled 2018-11-26)
    A small utility
    to view and change settings for the Winlogon process. This
    includes settings up
    auto
    logon
    feature,
    logon
    dialog
    options and settings for Windows File Protection.
    Operates on local and remote computers. Tested on Windows NT 3.51/4.0,
    2000, XP or Server 2003. A help file with some how-to
    instructions is included.
    Download screenshot
    here (21,3 KB)
    . Limited functionality on later versions of Windows.

Small .NET command line utilities (cross platform)

These applications have recently been rebuilt in Visual Basic 2022. They require .NET Framework, .NET Core or .NET as specified. Most Windows versions come with .NET Framework preinstalled, you can
check which versions and download other frameworks here. .NET Core runtimes for Windows and other platforms
can be downloaded here.

  • base64.zip3,4 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    base64.zip3,5 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    base64.zip8,5 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    base64.zip8,5 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Decodes or encodes data as base64 strings.
  • checksum.zip20,4 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    checksum.zip186,7 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    checksum.zip38,6 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    checksum.zip38,3 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    A small utility to calculate MD5, SHA1 and SHA256 etc checksums for file
    contents. Output is formatted in a way compatible with the GNU md5sum and
    sha1sum tools.
  • coordtool.zip112,3 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    coordtool.zip126,2 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    coordtool.zip213,9 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    coordtool.zip176,0 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Utility to convert between various coordinate systems and calculate
    distances between points etc. There is also an online web version of this tool here.
  • DiscUtilsFs.zip1,5 MB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2024-05-15)
    DiscUtilsFs.zip1,7 MB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2024-05-15)
    DiscUtilsFs.zip867,5 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2024-05-15)
    Mounts a file system from a disk image file as a virtual file system. On Windows, it uses Dokan to mount the virtual file system and on FreeBSD and Linux it uses Fuse. Image file formats and file system structures are accessed using DiscUtils library on all platforms.
  • DiskVolumes.zip134,5 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    DiskVolumes.zip153,3 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    DiskVolumes.zip244,7 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    DiskVolumes.zip206,8 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Lists disk volumes with GUID, mount points, which disks they belong to etc. (Windows only.)
  • dnsreport.zip6,4 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    dnsreport.zip11,7 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    dnsreport.zip11,7 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Shows some basic information from DKIM/SPF report files about e-mail attempts from not-allowed IP addresses. Report files are in xml format, zip or gz compressed.
  • dssearch.zip99,6 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    dssearch.zip113,4 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    dssearch.zip979,6 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    dssearch.zip902,0 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Send queries to LDAP Directory Services such as Active Directory. (Windows only.)
  • emlextr.zip52,5 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    emlextr.zip52,6 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    emlextr.zip60,9 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    emlextr.zip60,9 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Extracts embedded files in e-mail saved as eml format. (Windows only.)
  • ExtractExeNetStrings.zip5,5 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ExtractExeNetStrings.zip5,5 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ExtractExeNetStrings.zip10,7 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ExtractExeNetStrings.zip10,7 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Extracts string constants from .NET exe and dll files.
  • GetProductKey.zip881,9 KB (.NET Framework 4.6, compiled 2025-02-27)
    GetProductKey.zip2,1 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    GetProductKey.zip1,1 MB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Displays product key and edition information for running Windows OS, remote computers or installation media. For local running Windows OS it also displays BIOS embedded product key, if such exists. On non-Windows platforms this tool only supports inspecting image files and installation media, but not querying running systems.
  • hexdump.zip1,1 MB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    hexdump.zip1,7 MB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    hexdump.zip1,9 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    hexdump.zip928,6 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Dumps binary files or binary input as hexadecimal text.
  • hvcmd.zip275,5 KB (.NET Framework 4.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    hvcmd.zip491,6 KB (.NET 8.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Some basic Hyper-V operations like start, stop, save, restore etc. In most cases PowerShell is better for this both for direct commands and scripts but there are cases where it is useful to call some simple operations from cmd scripts etc. (Windows systems with Hyper-V only.)
  • ImageMBR2GPT.zip644,1 KB (.NET Framework 4.6, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ImageMBR2GPT.zip1,7 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ImageMBR2GPT.zip630,5 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Converts partition layout in a disk image from MBR to GPT or vice versa, keeping file systems untouched. Supports VHD, VHDX, VMDK and VDI image file formats, as well as physical disks.
  • ipcalc.zip355,2 KB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ipcalc.zip347,1 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ipcalc.zip198,0 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    ipcalc.zip160,1 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Some basic IPv4 address range calculations.
  • jsonvalidate.zip209,3 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    jsonvalidate.zip229,0 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    jsonvalidate.zip277,6 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    jsonvalidate.zip277,6 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Validates that input is well-formed json and optionally converts from or to XML.
  • luhn.zip3,3 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    luhn.zip3,3 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    luhn.zip8,4 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    luhn.zip8,4 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Calculates Luhn checksum or Swedish «Plusgirot» counted checksum for a numeric string. There is also an online web version of this tool here.
  • netcheck.zip4,0 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip4,1 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip376,5 KB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip391,5 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip10,6 KB (.NET 6.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip10,4 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netcheck.zip10,4 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Displays assembly references (direct dependencies) for .NET assemblies.
  • NetCompress.zip5,0 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    NetCompress.zip9,1 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    NetCompress.zip9,2 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Compress or decompress stream with GZip or Deflate.
  • netexpr.zip99,4 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netexpr.zip113,2 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netexpr.zip198,6 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    netexpr.zip160,8 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Takes a mathematical formula as command line parameter and calculates result using variable values supplied on stdin. Result is printed on stdout and, converted to integer, also returned to calling process.
  • pop3mgr.zip7,8 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3mgr.zip7,8 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3mgr.zip13,1 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3mgr.zip13,1 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    View e-mail headers or remove e-mail without downloading them. Supports both clear text connections, clear text authentication, SSL/TLS encryption and/or encrypted challenge/response authentication, depending on server capabilities and command line switches.
  • pop3recv.zip6,4 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3recv.zip6,4 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3recv.zip11,6 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    pop3recv.zip11,6 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Download e-mail from POP3 servers. Supports both clear text connections, clear text authentication, SSL/TLS encryption and/or encrypted challenge/response authentication, depending on server capabilities and command line switches.
  • reged.zip1,3 MB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    reged.zip2,0 MB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    reged.zip2,1 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    reged.zip1,1 MB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    An offline command line registry editing tool to query and modify data in Windows registry hive files without mounting the hive files in Windows. Can also access registry hives inside virtual machine image files.
  • setpkgver.zip1,6 MB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    setpkgver.zip1,7 MB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    setpkgver.zip1,3 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    setpkgver.zip1,3 MB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Tool for checking for updated NuGet packages and upgrade references in .NET project files, or to set specific versions where * is currently specified. Lots of command line options available to narrow down what exactly should be modified.
  • smtpsend.zip8,4 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    smtpsend.zip8,8 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    smtpsend.zip14,3 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    smtpsend.zip14,2 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Send e-mail (stored as eml files) through an SMTP server. Supports both clear text connections, clear text authentication, SSL/TLS encryption and/or encrypted challenge/response authentication, depending on server capabilities and command line switches.
  • splitbystr.zip170,4 KB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    splitbystr.zip184,9 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    splitbystr.zip49,1 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    splitbystr.zip12,2 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Splits input text file by a string token into separate output files.
  • telnets.zip99,0 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    telnets.zip112,8 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    telnets.zip199,3 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    telnets.zip161,4 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Telnet client wrapper for telnet over secure sockets.
  • TestAssembly.zip188,7 KB (.NET Framework 4.8, compiled 2025-02-27)
    TestAssembly.zip188,9 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-02-27)
    TestAssembly.zip42,0 KB (.NET 6.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    TestAssembly.zip41,1 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    TestAssembly.zip40,8 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Prints out metadata information for classes and members of classes in a .NET assembly. If any member cannot be resolved, the application exits with an error code which makes it useful in scripts to verify assemblies after build/merge/edit operations.
  • txtcnv.zip36,2 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    txtcnv.zip35,9 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Text encoding conversion tool.
  • VhdBlockBackup.zip1,6 MB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    VhdBlockBackup.zip566,8 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Disk image block based backup tool. Uses block checksum lists to compare and calculate differences that are transferred to new differencing image files.
  • waitps.zip18,2 KB (.NET Framework 4.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    waitps.zip36,3 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    waitps.zip36,0 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Waits for one or more process ids or process names to terminate. Useful to have something done automatically when a long-running task is completed.
  • xmlvalidate.zip2,9 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    xmlvalidate.zip3,0 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    xmlvalidate.zip8,1 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    xmlvalidate.zip8,1 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Validates that input is well-formed XML and can be parsed by .NET XML components.
  • ZipIO.zip161,9 KB (.NET Framework 4.6, compiled 2025-03-05)
    ZipIO.zip193,1 KB (.NET Standard 2.1, compiled 2025-03-05)
    ZipIO.zip45,0 KB (.NET 8.0, compiled 2025-03-05)
    ZipIO.zip44,8 KB (.NET 9.0, compiled 2025-03-05)
    A zip archive utility with several features. The time command sets zip file timestamps to the timestamp of newest file within each zip archive. Freshen command updates existing files in a zip archive with newer versions. If no files are updated in an archive, the last write time of the zip file is reset to original timestamp.

Small .NET tools with graphical user interface (Windows only)

These applications have recently been rebuilt in Visual Basic 2022. They require .NET Framework, .NET Core or .NET as specified. Most Windows versions come with .NET Framework preinstalled, you can
check which versions and download other frameworks here.

  • Dataviewer.zip44,9 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Dataviewer.zip45,0 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Dataviewer.zip693,1 KB (.NET 8.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Dataviewer.zip392,6 KB (.NET 9.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    A small utility to make ODBC connections and send
    SQL queries. It shows the returned data in an updateable
    DataGridView so it can be used to edit data through any
    ODBC-compatible database connection.
  • GraphViewer.zip205,9 KB (.NET Framework 3.5, compiled 2025-02-27)
    GraphViewer.zip225,0 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2025-02-27)
    GraphViewer.zip631,2 KB (.NET 8.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    GraphViewer.zip593,3 KB (.NET 9.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    A math application to view graphs of functions. It
    can also calculate and draw derivative and anti-derivative
    graphs. The graphs can also be saved to a file or printed on
    paper.
    Download
    screenshot here (22,6 KB)
    . This is an updated version that
    uses .NET compiler instead of ScriptControl object which should
    gain performance. There is also an online web version of this application here.
  • PictureOnMap.zip377,6 KB (.NET Framework 4.6, compiled 2025-02-27)
    PictureOnMap.zip615,3 KB (.NET 8.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    PictureOnMap.zip577,4 KB (.NET 9.0-windows, compiled 2025-02-27)
    Adds context menu options to jpeg files to open map apps and show where the photo was taken.
  • QuickBrowser.zip7,6 KB (.NET Framework 2.0, compiled 2023-10-20)
    QuickBrowser.zip7,7 KB (.NET Framework 4.0, compiled 2023-10-20)
    A small window application that encapsulates Internet Explorer WebBrowser control. It can be used as a very lightweight application for browsing web pages.

Back to LTR Data homepage

Boost your productivity with SaveFrom’s Instagram video downloader—the premier choice for streamlined Instagram photo and video downloads. Our tool offers comprehensive compatibility across all major web browsers on both mobile and desktop platforms, guaranteeing a smooth and continuous user experience. Download Instagram photos and Reels videos in high resolution without limits, completely free of charge.

To enhance your experience further, we provide a specialized browser extension for desktop users and a user-friendly Android app. Discover the comprehensive features below.

Supported resources

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Searching for a streamlined method to download Instagram content? Discover «SaveFrom.net Helper,» a browser extension that optimizes Instagram downloads. This tool integrates a «Save» button directly on Instagram, enabling quick and easy downloads of high-quality photos and videos.

The extension is compatible with leading browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari, and all Chromium-based browsers, functioning smoothly across desktop operating systems including Windows, MacOS, Linux, and Ubuntu.

A standout feature of this extension is its capability to download private Instagram content that you have access to, unlike the online IG downloader at SaveFrom.net, which doesn’t support downloads from private accounts.


Download the «SaveFrom.net Helper» extension for your browser:

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Introducing the ultimate SaveFrom.net app for Android, optimized for both smartphones and tablets. It serves as your all-in-one solution for downloading Instagram Reels and photos, enhancing your Android Instagram download experience with SaveFrom.net.

  • Quick IG and IGTV downloads with a single tap.
  • Enjoy offline video playback at your leisure.
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How to Download Instagram Videos

With SaveFrom.net, downloading Instagram photos, Reels, and Instagram Stories that vanish after 24 hours is straightforward. Follow this simple three-step guide to use SaveFrom.net for downloading Instagram content:

Click the button

Step 1: Copy the link of the content

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Click the button

Step 2: Paste the URL into the input field

Insert the copied URL of the Instagram content into the input field on the downloader page and click the adjacent button to initiate the download.

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The system automatically selects the highest available quality. If you prefer a different quality or format, select from the available options before downloading.

How to Directly Save Instagram Videos from the Address Bar

Discover a quick and effective method to download Instagram videos directly from your browser’s address bar using a convenient short domain. Simply prepend the short domain to the video or photo URL (e.g., «sfrom.net/» or «savefrom.net/»).

For example: sfrom.net/https://www.instagram.com/p/Bsyq4yVH8Mh/

Press enter, and you’ll be directed to a page with various download options, automatically selecting the optimal quality for the video or photo. You can choose a different quality if desired and initiate the download.

Questions & Answers

How to download private Instagram videos and photos?

This feature is exclusive to the browser extension «SaveFrom.net Helper».

No IG video downloaders can save private videos and photos without accessing your account. They use your personal account to log in to the social network and download the videos and pictures. Since account access contradicts our philosophy of user privacy and data protection, we will never implement such a feature.

To download Instagram videos from private accounts or private photos from IG, you need to install the browser extension «SaveFrom.net Helper».

How to download Instagram video on iPhone

You can download IG videos on iPhone using only an online Insta saver. It’s compatible with iOS 13 and newer versions. Open the IG app on your iPhone or iPad and copy the sharing link of the video or photo. Return to the browser where the SaveFrom.net website should be open. Paste the link into the input field of the Instagram video downloader and click the button on the right side of the field. Within seconds, you’ll receive the download link.

How to download Insta videos and photos on Mac OS?

You can use one of the three methods mentioned above: install the browser extension; use the short domain «sfrom.net/»; or use the online Instagram downloader. Our Reel downloader saves videos and pictures in the default folder on your Mac.

Where can I find the downloaded files?

After downloading an Instagram video or photo, the file can be found in the folder set by default to save all content from the Internet. If you haven’t changed any settings, the default folder is typically called «Downloads».

Where do I save files from?

All files you download come directly from the social media platforms’ servers. We do not store any photos or videos.

Do you keep a history of my downloads?

No! This goes against our philosophy on user privacy and personal data protection. We respect the privacy of our users.

Is the Instagram video downloader free?

Yes! And our video downloader will remain free for everyone. We’re committed to helping people, and to keep the Insta video download tool operational, we allow our advertisers to support the service financially.

What quality is available for download?

SaveFrom Instagram video download service searches for and displays all possible options, which means these are the highest possible quality of the source file. If the required quality is not available for a particular video, it means that the file is only available in that quality, and there are no other options. The default quality is usually MP4 format with 720p resolution for videos.

How to use the IG downloader on Android?

There are several methods — the first is to download the APK file. The second method is to use the SaveFrom.net website, and the third is by using the short domain «sfrom.net/».

SaveFrom.net Helper

Download files from YouTube, Facebook, Vimeo, and over 40 other sites with a single click using our extension!

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